Many years of empirical inquiry were necessary to professor Toledo to create the "Decomposteira". The name was given to the container that allows the continuous compostagem of the organic home residues, known in some regions as " wet garbage ".

- The idea of the decomposteira is contrarious of the traditional batteries of decompost furrows, taught in the Brazilian universities - it affirms the biologist.

In the system created by the teacher the organic matter does not need to be "turned" to promote the aeration of the battery, which reduces strongly the production costs of the organic compound, important manure for home plants.

The one who promotes the decomposition of the organic matter are principally the saprophyt microorganisms (what are fed of dead organic matter) and other partitioners organisms. All these beings only manage to survive in environments with oxygen. One will be lacking this element the organisms die and the decomposition slows down strongly.

In the traditional system of compostagem of organic residues the materials to be analysed are put in successive layers, normally alternating organic materials of quick one with those of slow decomposition, until the height approached 1,50 is reached m. However, from the fermentation that takes place in the interior of the battery of residues (due to the anaerobiose - it is lacking of oxygen - gradual) there takes place an increase of temperature that can cause, in extreme cases, fires expontâneos in the material. But the worst is what the heating indicates paralização in the decomposition of the organic matter. Why does not the heating happen is it necessary to turn round the battery (or the furrow) of compostagem to promote the aeration of the material. The problem of this practice is that she demands great investments in maquinários weighed (tractors, shovels - carregadeiras, etc.) and / or in labour. This cost makes impracticable East system of compostagem, since the price of market of the final product (organic compound) is not sufficient to cover such expenses. Finally, it is possible to emphasize that the environment of work to turn round the furrows makes unhealthy due to the presence of toxic gases like ammonia and gas sulfídrico what emanate from the battery of compostagem and can provoke several types of respiratory diseases in the workers, besides temperatures lifted up in the proximities.

The "decomposteira", process registered in the INPI under the number PI0105738-3 (National Institute of Industrial Property), consists of a continuous process of compostagem, where the organic "fresh" matter is deposited on the battery existent-daily pay inside the container and, while go down in height it is reaching stadiums more advanced of decomposition, until it arrives in the lowest part of the totally mineralized decomposteira, in the form of humus.

- The decomposteira has spontaneous airmakers, what consist of side orifices that they allow that the oxygen reaches the centre of the container, supplying in continuous way the necessary oxygen to the life of the organisms decompositores - it affirms the biologist.

Logically the orifices are calculated the size between you in such a way that the distance between the fountain of aeration (orifice) and the interior of any point inside the battery of organic matter that the decomposteira supports is not too much, obstructing what the condition of absence of oxygen establishes.

The cost of the production of humus with the use of the decomposteira can be much less, when compared to the traditional system of compostagem in furrows or batteries, since it has not been spending with labour or maquinários for returning of the battery of residues. Besides, the speed of decomposition of the organic matter becomes significantly bigger, since the organisms that worked the decomposition of the lowest residues are same that they will influence in the decomposition of those rules the first ones.

- It is very difficult calculates the size the speed of decomposition of the organic residue in the decomposteira, since the organic domestic garbage has too heterogeneous chemical composition. Logically a stalk of lettuce will disappear much more quickly than a bone of hen. The residues that, while being withdrawn in the inferior opening of the decomposteira, will be still partially analysed that they will have to be separated for peneiramento of the humus, being played again in the superior part of the container so that they pass again by the efficient fauna of organisms decompositores – it affirms the teacher.




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